South Africa is deploying the military to tackle riots that have broken out over the jailing of former president Jacob Zuma.
Shops were looted and buildings set on fire on Monday as Zuma challenged his sentence at a hearing in the top court.
Several people have been killed and dozens arrested since the unrest began last week.
Zuma was convicted of contempt of court after failing to attend an inquiry into corruption during his presidency.
The 79-year-old, who denies corruption, handed himself in to police last week to begin his 15-month sentence.
He is hoping to get the sentence rescinded or reduced at the Constitutional Court hearing. However, legal experts say his chances of success are slim.
The case has sparked an unprecedented legal drama in South Africa, which has never seen a former president jailed before.
Footage on Monday showed a fire at a shopping centre in the city of Pietermaritzburg, in Zuma’s home province of KwaZulu-Natal, and people looting.
The situation in the city is volatile, the BBC’s Nomsa Maseko reports. Protesters responded with live ammunition when riot police fired rubber bullets to disperse them at one of the shopping centres that were looted overnight, she says.
The violence has also spread to Johannesburg, in Gauteng province.
On Sunday, protesters armed with sticks, golf clubs and branches were seen marching through Johannesburg’s central business district.
A South African government intelligence body said six people had been killed and more than 200 arrested since the unrest began.
Four of the deaths were in Gauteng and two in KwaZulu-Natal.
The military said troops were being deployed to assist law enforcement agencies and “quell the unrest that has gripped both [provinces] in the last few days”.
President Cyril Ramaphosa has appealed for calm, saying there is no justification for the violence.
Zuma was convicted of defying an instruction to give evidence at an inquiry into corruption during his nine years in power.
He has testified only once at the inquiry into what has become known as “state capture” – meaning the siphoning-off of state assets.
